Aplicaciones móviles para el autocuidado de pies en diabetes tipo 2: scoping review
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https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0223e.43437Palabras clave:
pie diabético; salud digital; aplicaciones móviles; autocuidado; diabetes Mellitus tipo 2Resumen
Introducción: La enfermedad del pie relacionada con la diabetes compromete la calidad de vida, incrementa morbilidad, mortalidad y costes sanitarios. Las aplicaciones móviles son una estrategia prometedora para el autocuidado de los pies en diabetes tipo 2, aunque su alcance y características permanecen poco claros.
Objetivo: Mapear la extensión y naturaleza de la literatura sobre aplicaciones móviles para el autocuidado de los pies en adultos con diabetes tipo 2, describiendo contenido, funcionalidades y vacíos.
Métodos: Se realizó revisión de alcance según metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute y PRISMA-ScR. Búsquedas en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO y literatura gris. Se incluyeron estudios con adultos con diabetes tipo 2 y aplicaciones para el autocuidado de los pies. La extracción de datos consideró las características y funcionalidades de las aplicaciones.
Resultados: De los 7.360 registros identificados, diez estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, informando sobre diez aplicaciones. Las funcionalidades comunes incluyeron recordatorios, automonitorización y contenidos educativos. Ninguna aplicación integró completamente las principales funcionalidades tecnológicas relevantes para apoyar el autocuidado de los pies. Las estrategias de cambio de comportamiento fueron raras y privacidad y seguridad desatendidas.
Conclusión: Los hallazgos revelan la necesidad de aplicaciones integrales, basadas en evidencia y centradas en el usuario. Integración de cambio de comportamiento y privacidad son esencial para intervenciones eficaces. Esta revisión orienta investigaciones, desarrollo y evaluación de soluciones móviles en salud, apoyando el autocuidado en enfermedades crónicas.
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