Más allá del descanso: el papel del sueño en el bienestar y el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes

Autores/as

  • Marta Raimundo Aventura Social- Associação, Lisboa, Portugal | Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal | HEI-Lab Digital Human-environment Interaction Lab, Lisboa, Portugal | CENC – Centro de Medicina do Sono, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-9271
  • Ana Cerqueira Aventura Social- Associação, Lisboa, Portugal | Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal | HEI-Lab Digital Human-environment Interaction Lab, Lisboa, Portugal | Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB) da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal | Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9883-0210
  • Tânia Gaspar Aventura Social- Associação, Lisboa, Portugal | Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal | HEI-Lab Digital Human-environment Interaction Lab, Lisboa, Portugal | CENC – Centro de Medicina do Sono, Lisboa, Portugal | Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB) da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9616-0441
  • Teresa Paiva CENC – Centro de Medicina do Sono, Lisboa, Portugal | Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB) da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal | Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-7841
  • Nuno Rodrigues Direção-Geral de Estatísticas da Educação e Ciência, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5497-9870
  • Margarida Matos Aventura Social- Associação, Lisboa, Portugal | CENC – Centro de Medicina do Sono, Lisboa, Portugal | Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB) da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal | Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing, Lisboa, Portugal | APPsyCI – Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, Lisboa, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2114-2350

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0229.45082

Palabras clave:

sueño; bienestar; salud mental; síntomas; adolescentes

Resumen

Introducción: El sueño desempeña un papel fundamental en la salud física y mental, el bienestar y el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes.

Objetivo: Examinar la asociación entre la duración del sueño, la salud, el bienestar y el rendimiento académico en adolescentes portugueses.

Métodos: Se analizaron datos de dos muestras independientes, recopiladas en 2022 y 2024, en el ámbito del Observatorio de Salud y Bienestar Psicológico de la Dirección General de Estadística de Educación y Ciencia (OSPBE/DGEEC). Se utilizaron pruebas t de muestras independientes y la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para analizar las diferencias de género, así como análisis de varianza (ANOVA) para examinar las diferencias en la duración del sueño.

Resultados: Un total de 7306 estudiantes participaron en el estudio, 4295 en 2022 y 3011 en 2024. En 2022, el 52,2% de los participantes eran mujeres, con una edad media de 13,40 años (DE = 2,44). En 2024, la proporción de mujeres participantes disminuyó al 50,5%, y la edad media se elevó a 13,64 años (DE = 2,53). Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del género, el rendimiento académico y la duración del sueño. Las niñas, los adolescentes con menor rendimiento académico y quienes dormían menos de ocho horas por noche presentaron peores indicadores de bienestar y salud mental.

Conclusión: Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de dotar a los adolescentes de los conocimientos y los recursos necesarios para adoptar comportamientos que fomenten la salud y reducir los posibles comportamientos de riesgo asociados con la falta de sueño.

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Publicado

2026-03-26

Cómo citar

Raimundo, M., Cerqueira, A., Gaspar, T., Paiva, T., Rodrigues, N., & Matos, M. (2026). Más allá del descanso: el papel del sueño en el bienestar y el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(29), e45082. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0229.45082

Número

Sección

Educación y Desarrollo Social