Comportamentos e estratégias na liderança clínica em enfermagem: scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0226.37839Palavras-chave:
comportamento; liderança; enfermagem; prática profissional; revisão de pesquisa por paresResumo
Introdução: A liderança clínica em enfermagem concerne à demonstração de competências e comportamentos de liderança informal pelo enfermeiro na prática clínica. Contribui para a construção de modelos de cuidados de saúde inovadores e estruturados, que resultam na melhoria contínua da qualidade dos cuidados e na satisfação das necessidades de saúde.
Objetivo: Mapear a evidência científica relativa aos comportamentos do enfermeiro líder clínico e às estratégias promotoras da liderança clínica em enfermagem em organizações de saúde.
Métodos: Scoping review segundo as orientações do Joanna Briggs Institute. Pesquisa completa na MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest e Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Incluídos estudos primários publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol.
Resultados: Foram identificados 2407 registos, dos quais 24 foram incluídos na revisão. Identificaram-se 47 comportamentos de liderança clínica em enfermagem e 18 estratégias promotoras destes comportamentos (estratégias relacionadas com o enfermeiro (n=3), com a equipa multiprofissional (n=5), com a organização de saúde (n=8) e com entidades externas à organização de saúde (n=2)). A maioria dos comportamentos está orientada para a tarefa (n=25), prevalecendo os comportamentos relacionados com a prática clínica (n=18).
Conclusão: Os comportamentos de liderança estão associados à capacidade de comunicação efetiva, tomada de decisão, experiência clínica, suporte, mentoria, educação e construção de equipas. Devem ser definidas estratégias facilitadoras do desenvolvimento e exponenciação de comportamentos de liderança na prática clínica.
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