Desenvolvimento de um procedimento estruturado de acolhimento familiar em cuidados intensivos de adultos

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0229.44825

Palavras-chave:

enfermagem de cuidados críticos; relações profissional-família; humanização da assistência

Resumo

Introdução: O acolhimento da família em unidades de cuidados intensivos de adultos é uma prática essencial, mas frequentemente pouco estruturada, apesar das recomendações de cuidados centrados na família.

Objetivo: Desenvolver um procedimento estruturado de acolhimento familiar em cuidados intensivos de adultos e obter consenso de peritos quanto ao seu conteúdo.

Métodos: Estudo metodológico em duas fases. A Fase 1 incluiu um focus group com nove profissionais experientes em cuidados intensivos, visando explorar práticas e componentes do acolhimento. A Fase 2 recorreu à técnica e-Delphi, em duas rondas, com dez enfermeiros peritos, aplicando critérios de consenso predefinidos.

Resultados: Foram identificadas quatro áreas temáticas que sustentaram o procedimento proposto. Obteve-se consenso em 42 itens, organizados em três componentes: acolhimento pré-visita, comunicação pós-visita e disponibilização de informação escrita padronizada.

Conclusão: O estudo resultou num procedimento estruturado e consensual de acolhimento familiar em cuidados intensivos. Estudos futuros deverão avaliar a sua viabilidade e aplicação clínica.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Archer, E., & Meyer, I. S. (2021). Applying empathic communication skills in clinical practice: Medical students’ experiences. South African Family Practice, 63(1), e1–e5. https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v63i1.5244

Azoulay, É., Kentish‐Barnes, N., Boulanger, C., Mistraletti, G., Mol, M. van, Calle, G. H., Estenssoro, E., van Heerden, P. V., Delgado, M.-C. M., Perner, A., Arabi, Y. M., Myatra, S. N., Laake, J. H., De Waele, J. J., Darmon, M., & Cecconi, M. (2024). Family centeredness of care: A cross-sectional study in intensive care units part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Annals of Intensive Care, 14(77). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-024-01307-0

Bardin, L. (2011). Content analysis. Edições 70.

Barrett, D., & Heale, R. (2020). What are Delphi studies? Evidence-Based Nursing, 23(3), 68–69. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebnurs-2020-103303

Blok, A. C., Gauntlett, L., Jayaram, M., & Krein, S. L. (2025). Caregiver and care team perspectives of caregiver psychological distress and well-being during critical care hospitalization: A qualitative study. BMC Geriatrics, 25(1), 167. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05769-0

Camões, J., Lobato, C. T., Carvalho, D., Gomes, E., & Araújo, R. (2022). Family satisfaction in intensive care during the COVID-19 pandemic using the FS-ICU24 questionnaire. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 35(12), 859–865. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.17128

Capelas, M. L., Simões, A. S. A. W. F., Teves, C. F. T. M., Durão, S. A. P., Coelho, S. P. F., Silva, S. C. F. S. da, Silva, A. E., & Afonso, T. dos S. (2018). Indicadores de qualidade prioritários para os serviços de cuidados paliativos em Portugal. Cadernos de Saúde, 10(2), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.34632/cadernosdesaude.2018.7245

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Davidson, J. E., Aslakson, R. A., Long, A. C., Puntillo, K. A., Kross, E. K., Hart, J., Cox, C. E., Wunsch, H., Wickline, M. A., Nunnally, M. E., Netzer, G., Kentish-Barnes, N., Sprung, C. L., Hartog, C. S., Coombs, M., Gerritsen, R. T., Hopkins, R. O., Franck, L. S., Skrobik, Y., … Curtis, J. R. (2017). Guidelines for family-centered care in the neonatal, pediatric, and adult ICU. Critical Care Medicine, 45(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000002169

Davidson, J. E., & Zisook, S. (2017). Implementing family-centered care through facilitated sensemaking. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 28(2), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2017102

Dijkstra, B. M., Schoonhoven, L., & Vloet, L. C. M. (2025). Family involvement in the intensive care unit, moving to decision-making and family participation. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 87, 103964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2025.103964

Dong, J., Sui, W., & Zhuang, Y. (2025). Patients’ and family members’ dyadic experience of post-operative delirium in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study. Nursing in Critical Care, 30(2), e13297. https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.13297

Fortunatti, C. P., De Santis, J. P., & Munro, C. L. (2021). Family satisfaction in the adult intensive care unit. Advances in Nursing Science, 44(4), 291–305. https://doi.org/10.1097/ans.0000000000000360

Fortunatti, C. P., Munro, C. L., & Gattamorta, K. (2022). Psychological distress, social support, and family satisfaction among family members of non-COVID-19 critical care patients: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 55(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12812

Giannarou, L., & Zervas, E. (2014). Using Delphi technique to build consensus in practice. International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management, 9(2), 65–82. https://doi.org/10.69864/ijbsam.9-2.106

He, X., Song, Y., Cao, Y., Miao, L., & Zhu, B. (2024). Post intensive care syndrome: A review of clinical symptoms, evaluation, intervention. Heliyon, 10(10), e31278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31278

International Council of Nurses. (2019). ICNP Browser: Family. https://www.icn.ch/icnp-browser

Julia, G. J., Romate, J., Allen, J. G., & Rajkumar, E. (2024). Compassionate communication: A scoping review. Frontiers in Communication, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1294586

Kentish‐Barnes, N., Cohen-Solal, Z., Morin, L., Souppart, V., Pochard, F., & Azoulay, É. (2021). Lived experiences of family members of patients with severe COVID-19 who died in intensive care units in France. Jama Network Open, 4(6), e2113355. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.13355

Kesecioglu, J., Rusinova, K., Alampi, D., Arabi, Y. M., Benbenishty, J., Benoit, D., Boulanger, C., Cecconi, M., Cox, C., Van Dam, M., Van Dijk, D., Downar, J., Efstathiou, N., Endacott, R., Galazzi, A., Van Gelder, F., Gerritsen, R. T., Girbes, A., Hawyrluck, L., … Azoulay, E. (2024). European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines on end of life and palliative care in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Medicine, 50(11), 1740–1766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-024-07579-1

Koçyiğit Kavak, H., & Demirci, S. (2025). Interaction experiences of family members with their unconscious relatives on mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit: A phenomenological Qualitative Study. Nursing in Critical Care, 30(4), e70115. https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70115

Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. A. (2015). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Kvande, M. E., Angel, S., & Højager Nielsen, A. (2022). Humanizing intensive care: A scoping review (HumanIC). Nursing Ethics, 29(2), 498–510. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330211050998

Marques, I. R., & Souza, A. R. de. (2010). Tecnologia e humanização em ambientes intensivos. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 63, 141–144. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71672010000100024

Meleis, A. (2010). Transitions theory—Middle range and situation specific theories in nursing research and practice. Springer Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315451176-5

Mendes, A. P. (2018). Impact of critical illness news on the family: Hermeneutic phenomenological study. Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem, 71(1), 170–177. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0163

Naef, R., Jeitziner, M.-M., Riguzzi, M., von Felten, S., Verweij, L., Rufer, M., Safford, J., Sutter, S., Bergmann-Kipfer, B., Betschart, U., Boltshauser, S., Brülisauer, N., Brunner, C., Bühler, P. K., Burkhalter, H., Dullenkopf, A., Heise, A., Hertler, B., Hoffmann, J. E., … FICUS Study Group. (2025). Nurse-Led Family Support Intervention for Families of Critically Ill Patients: The FICUS Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.3406

Naldan, M. E., Ibrahimoğlu, Ö., & Mersin, S. (2025). The relationship between the anxiety levels of relatives of patients in intensive care units and perceived respect from healthcare professionals. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1155/ppc/6405095

Nasa, P., Jain, R., & Juneja, D. (2021). Delphi methodology in healthcare research: How to decide its appropriateness. World Journal of Methodology, 11(4), 116–129. https://doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v11.i4.116

Reifarth, E., Garcia Borrega, J., & Kochanek, M. (2023). How to communicate with family members of the critically ill in the intensive care unit: A scoping review. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 74, 103328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103328

Scarparo, A. F., Laus, A. M., Gabriel, S., & Chaves, L. D. P. (2012). Reflections on the use of Delphi Technique in Research in Nursing. Revista da Rede de Enfermagem do Nordeste, 13(1), 242–251. https://shre.ink/AHPY

Smith, A. C., Ferguson, H. N., Russell, R. M., Savsani, P., & Wang, S. (2025). Post-intensive care syndrome family. Critical Care Clinics, 41(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2024.08.008

van Beusekom, I., Bakhshi-Raiez, F., de Keizer, N. F., Dongelmans, D. A., & van der Schaaf, M. (2016). Reported burden on informal caregivers of ICU survivors: A literature review. Critical Care, 20, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-016-1185-9

Wang, G., Antel, R., & Goldfarb, M. (2023). The impact of randomized family-centered interventions on family-centered outcomes in the adult intensive care unit: A systematic review. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 38(8), 690–701. https://doi.org/10.1177/08850666231173868

Downloads

Publicado

2026-03-27

Como Citar

Silva, A., Alves, J., Martins, S., Osório, J., & Pereira, M. A. (2026). Desenvolvimento de um procedimento estruturado de acolhimento familiar em cuidados intensivos de adultos . Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(29), e44825. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0229.44825

Edição

Secção

Ciências da vida e da saúde