Cambios dinámicos del suelo pélvico en atletas de élite de diferentes deportes

Autores/as

  • Telma Pires Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, Vila Real, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-9167
  • Patrícia Pires Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Escola Superior de Saúde, Vila Real, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-6936
  • Helena Moreira Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, CIDESD, CITAB, Vila Real, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-0688
  • Ronaldo Gabriel Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, CITAB, Vila Real, Portugal
  • Yida Fan Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Vila Real, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-0889
  • Osvaldo Moutinho Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Vila Real, Portugal
  • Sara Viana Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde, Porto, Portugal. Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-248X
  • Rui Viana Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade Ciências da Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde, Porto, Portugal. Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2542-8068

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0213.09.00334

Palabras clave:

Contracción voluntaria máxima, Elevador ano Función del suelo pélvico, Ultrasonido translabial

Resumen

Introducción: Una de las funciones de los músculos del suelo pélvico (MSP) es apoyar los órganos pélvicos y la continencia. Este mecanismo de continencia tiende a cambiar cuando las MSP están expuestas a ejercicios de alto impacto.

Objetivos: Describir los cambios dinámicos en el suelo pélvico (SP) en atletas nulíparos de élite.

Métodos: Se utilizó ultrasonido translabial para evaluar la anatomía y la función de la SP en atletas (n = 8), que se realizó después de orinar y en posición supina a través de un tubo vaginal. El descenso de los órganos pélvicos se evaluó mediante la maniobra de Valsalva. El volumen se evaluó en reposo, durante la contracción voluntaria máxima (CVM) y en Valsalva. Los atletas realizaron cada maniobra al menos 3 veces, siendo la más efectiva la utilizada para la evaluación.

Resultados: El descenso del cuello de la vejiga fue de 14 mm para el atleta de jabalina, el valor más alto en comparación con los otros participantes. Tres atletas presentaron rectocele (natación, gimnasia y jabalina) y 4 participantes presentaron defectos paravaginales (voleibol, equitación, jabalina y carrera). El jugador de voleibol presentó el valor más alto del área hiatal del músculo elevador durante el CVM.

Conclusiones: Los atletas mostraron diferencias mínimas en los parámetros evaluados. La muestra fue pequeña para generalizar los resultados, pero los atletas de ejercicios de alto impacto tienden a tener el CVM más bajo. Se necesitan más estudios para corroborar estos resultados.

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Publicado

2020-07-23

Cómo citar

Pires, T., Pires, P. ., Moreira, H., Gabriel, . R., Fan, Y., Moutinho, O., Viana, S., & Viana, R. (2020). Cambios dinámicos del suelo pélvico en atletas de élite de diferentes deportes. Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, 2(13), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0213.09.00334

Número

Sección

Educación y Desarrollo Social